New freemen have to swear an oath to be ‘buxom’ to the mayor. This is a medieval way of declaring obedience and loyalty to the mayor.

Under the freemen’s governance, Norwich grew to become England’s second city after London for 200 years – 1525 to 1725.

Ed Balls’ ancestors were Norwich Freemen between 1404 and 1913, but the succession has lapsed and he is no longer eligible.

In 1289 Hugh de London was fined 12d ‘because he buys and sells in the city and is not of the freedom’